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A326919
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Decimal expansion of Sum_{k>=1} Kronecker(-7,k)/k.
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3
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1, 1, 8, 7, 4, 1, 0, 4, 1, 1, 7, 2, 3, 7, 2, 5, 9, 4, 8, 7, 8, 4, 6, 2, 5, 2, 9, 7, 9, 4, 9, 3, 6, 3, 0, 2, 9, 9, 9, 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 8, 6, 1, 6, 5, 0, 3, 5, 7, 5, 7, 5, 1, 5, 2, 0, 2, 3, 8, 5, 8, 5, 8, 4, 5, 8, 8, 9, 0, 9, 3, 4, 0, 7, 1, 5, 7, 5, 4, 8, 2, 0, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9
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OFFSET
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1,3
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COMMENTS
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Let Chi() be a primitive character modulo d, the so-called Dirichlet L-series L(s,Chi) is the analytic continuation (see the functional equations involving L(s,Chi) in the MathWorld link entitled Dirichlet L-Series) of the sum Sum_{k>=1} Chi(k)/k^s, Re(s)>0 (if d = 1, the sum converges requires Re(s)>1).
If s != 1, we can represent L(s,Chi) in terms of the Hurwitz zeta function by L(s,Chi) = (Sum_{k=1..d} Chi(k)*zeta(s,k/d))/d^s.
L(s,Chi) can also be represented in terms of the polylog function by L(s,Chi) = (Sum_{k=1..d} Chi'(k)*polylog(s,u^k))/(Sum_{k=1..d} Chi'(k)*u^k), where Chi' is the complex conjugate of Chi, u is any primitive d-th root of unity.
If m is a positive integer, we have L(m,Chi) = (Sum_{k=1..d} Chi(k)*polygamma(m-1,k/d))/((-d)^m*(m-1)!).
In this sequence we have Chi = A175629 and s = 1.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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Equals Pi/sqrt(7). This is related to the class number formula: if d<0 is the fundamental discriminant of an imaginary quadratic number field, Chi(k) = Kronecker(d,k), then L(1,Chi) = Sum_{k>=1} Kronecker(d,k)/k = 2*Pi*h(d)/(sqrt(|d|)*w(d)), where h(d) is the class number of K = Q[sqrt(d)], w(d) is the number of elements in K whose norms are 1 (w(d) = 6 if d = -3, 4 if d = -4 and 2 if d < -4). Here d = -7, h(d) = 1, w(d) = 2.
Equals (polylog(1,u) + polylog(1,u^2) - polylog(1,u^3) + polylog(1,u^4) - polylog(1,u^5) - polylog(1,u^6))/sqrt(-7), where u = exp(2*Pi*i/7) is a 7th primitive root of unity, i = sqrt(-1).
Equals (polygamma(0,1/7) + polygamma(0,2/7) - polygamma(0,3/7) + polygamma(0,4/7) - polygamma(0,5/7) - polygamma(0,6/7))/49.
Equals 1/Product_{p prime} (1 - Kronecker(-7,p)/p), where Kronecker(-7,p) = 0 if p = 7, 1 if p == 1, 2 or 4 (mod 7) or -1 if p == 3, 5 or 6 (mod 7). - Amiram Eldar, Dec 17 2023
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EXAMPLE
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1 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/4 - 1/5 - 1/6 + 1/8 + 1/9 - 1/10 + 1/11 - 1/12 - 1/13 + ... = Pi/sqrt(7) = 1.1874104117...
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MATHEMATICA
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RealDigits[Pi/Sqrt[7], 10, 102] // First
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PROG
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(PARI) default(realprecision, 100); Pi/sqrt(7)
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CROSSREFS
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Decimal expansion of Sum_{k>=1} Kronecker(-7,k)/k^s: this sequence (s=1), A103133 (s=2), A327135 (s=3).
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KEYWORD
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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