A298668 Number T(n,k) of set partitions of [n] into k blocks such that the absolute difference between least elements of consecutive blocks is always > 1; triangle T(n,k), n>=0, 0<=k<=ceiling(n/2), read by rows.

1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 3, 0, 1, 7, 2, 0, 1, 15, 12, 0, 1, 31, 50, 6, 0, 1, 63, 180, 60, 0, 1, 127, 602, 390, 24, 0, 1, 255, 1932, 2100, 360, 0, 1, 511, 6050, 10206, 3360, 120, 0, 1, 1023, 18660, 46620, 25200, 2520, 0, 1, 2047, 57002, 204630, 166824, 31920, 720

Offset

0,11

Links

Alois P. Heinz, Rows n = 0..200, flattened

Wenqin Cao, Emma Yu Jin, and Zhicong Lin, Enumeration of inversion sequences avoiding triples of relations, Discrete Applied Mathematics (2019); see also author's copy

Formula

T(n,k) = (k-1)! * Stirling2(n-k+1,k) for k>0, T(n,0) = A000007(n).

T(n,k) = Sum_{j=0..k-1} (-1)^j*C(k-1,j)*(k-j)^(n-k) for k>0, T(n,0) = A000007(n).

T(n,k) = (k-1)! * A136011(n,k) for n, k >= 1.

Sum_{j>=0} T(n+j,j) = A076726(n) = 2*A000670(n) = A000629(n) + A000007(n).

Example

T(5,1) = 1: 12345.
T(5,2) = 7: 1234|5, 1235|4, 123|45, 1245|3, 124|35, 125|34, 12|345.
T(5,3) = 2: 124|3|5, 12|34|5.
T(7,4) = 6: 1246|3|5|7, 124|36|5|7, 124|3|56|7, 126|34|5|7, 12|346|5|7, 12|34|56|7.
T(9,5) = 24: 12468|3|5|7|9, 1246|38|5|7|9, 1246|3|58|7|9, 1246|3|5|78|9, 1248|36|5|7|9, 124|368|5|7|9, 124|36|58|7|9, 124|36|5|78|9, 1248|3|56|7|9, 124|38|56|7|9, 124|3|568|7|9, 124|3|56|78|9, 1268|34|5|7|9, 126|348|5|7|9, 126|34|58|7|9, 126|34|5|78|9, 128|346|5|7|9, 12|3468|5|7|9, 12|346|58|7|9, 12|346|5|78|9, 128|34|56|7|9, 12|348|56|7|9, 12|34|568|7|9, 12|34|56|78|9.
Triangle T(n,k) begins:
  1;
  0, 1;
  0, 1;
  0, 1,    1;
  0, 1,    3;
  0, 1,    7,     2;
  0, 1,   15,    12;
  0, 1,   31,    50,     6;
  0, 1,   63,   180,    60;
  0, 1,  127,   602,   390,    24;
  0, 1,  255,  1932,  2100,   360;
  0, 1,  511,  6050, 10206,  3360,  120;
  0, 1, 1023, 18660, 46620, 25200, 2520;
  ...

Maple

b:= proc(n, m, t) option remember; `if`(n=0, x^m, add(
      b(n-1, max(m, j), `if`(j>m, 1, 0)), j=1..m+1-t))
    end:
T:= n-> (p-> seq(coeff(p, x, i), i=0..degree(p)))(b(n, 0$2)):
seq(T(n), n=0..14);
# second Maple program:
T:= (n, k)-> `if`(k=0, `if`(n=0, 1, 0), (k-1)!*Stirling2(n-k+1, k)):
seq(seq(T(n, k), k=0..ceil(n/2)), n=0..14);
# third Maple program:
T:= proc(n, k) option remember; `if`(k<2, `if`(n=0 xor k=0, 0, 1),
      `if`(k>ceil(n/2), 0, add((k-j)*T(n-1-j, k-j), j=0..1)))
    end:
seq(seq(T(n, k), k=0..ceil(n/2)), n=0..14);

Mathematica

T[n_, k_] := T[n, k] = If[k < 2, If[Xor[n == 0, k == 0], 0, 1],
     If[k > Ceiling[n/2], 0, Sum[(k-j) T[n-1-j, k-j], {j, 0, 1}]]];
Table[Table[T[n, k], {k, 0, Ceiling[n/2]}], {n, 0, 14}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Mar 08 2021, after third Maple program *)

Crossrefs

Columns k=0-11 give (offsets may differ): A000007, A057427, A168604, A028243, A028244, A028245, A032180, A228909, A228910, A228911, A228912, A228913.

Row sums give A229046(n-1) for n>0.

T(2n+1,n+1) gives A000142.

T(2n,n) gives A001710(n+1).

Cf. A000629, A000670, A008277, A028246, A048993, A076726, A110654, A136011, A173018.

Sequence in context: A350248 A297786 A214407 * A137680 A248722 A201663

Adjacent sequences: A298665 A298666 A298667 * A298669 A298670 A298671

Keyword

nonn,tabf

Author

Alois P. Heinz, Jan 24 2018

Status

approved