A227499 Number of the Lipschitz quaternions in a reduced system modulo n.

1, 8, 48, 128, 480, 384, 2016, 2048, 3888, 3840, 13200, 6144, 26208, 16128, 23040, 32768, 78336, 31104, 123120, 61440, 96768, 105600, 267168, 98304, 300000, 209664, 314928, 258048, 682080, 184320, 892800, 524288, 633600, 626688, 967680, 497664, 1822176

Offset

1,2

Links

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000

Catalina Calderón, Jose Maria Grau, A. Oller-Marcén, and László Tóth, Counting invertible sums of squares modulo n and a new generalization of Euler's totient function, Publicationes Mathematicae-Debrecen, Vol. 87 (1-2) (2015), pp. 133-145; arXiv preprint, arXiv:1403.7878 [math.NT], 2014.

Formula

Multiplicative: a(2^s) = 2^(4s-1); a(3^s) = 16*3^(4s-3); a(5^s) = 32*3*5^(4s-3).

From Amiram Eldar, Feb 13 2024: (Start)

Multiplicative with a(2^e) = 2^(4*e-1), and a(p^e) = p^(4*e-3) * (p-1)^2 * (p+1) for an odd prime p.

Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s-4) * (1 - 1/2^(s-3)) * Product_{p prime > 2} (1 - 1/p^(s-3) - (p-1)/p^(s-1)).

Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) = (12/55) * c * n^5 + O(n^4 * log(n)), where c = Product_{p prime} (1 - 1/p^2 - 1/p^3 + 1/p^4) = 0.53589615382833799980... (Calderón et al., 2015).

Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = (17*Pi^8/57240) * Product_{p prime} (1 - 2/p^2 + 1/p^4 + 1/p^5 + 2/p^6 - 1/p^8) = 1.16039588611967540703... . (End)

Mathematica

cuater[n_] := Flatten[Table[{a, b, c, d}, {a, n}, {b, n}, {c, n}, {d, n}], 3]; a[n_] := Length@Select[cuater[n], GCD[#.#, n] == 1 &]; Array[a, 20]
f[p_, e_] := (p-1)*p^(4*e-1) * If[p == 2, 1, 1 - 1/p^2]; a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 13 2024 *)

Prog

(PARI) a(n) = {my(f = factor(n)); prod(i = 1, #f~, p = f[i, 1]; e = f[i, 2]; (p-1)*p^(4*e-1) * if(p == 2, 1, 1 - 1/p^2)); } \\ Amiram Eldar, Feb 13 2024

Crossrefs

Cf. A079458, A060968, A087784.

Sequence in context: A067239 A152750 A121355 * A168012 A222816 A280056

Adjacent sequences: A227496 A227497 A227498 * A227500 A227501 A227502

Keyword

nonn,easy,mult

Author

José María Grau Ribas, Jul 13 2013

Status

approved