A035178 a(n) = Sum_{d|n} Kronecker(-12, d) (= A134667(d)).

1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0

Offset

1,7

Comments

Ramanujan theta functions: f(q) (see A121373), phi(q) (A000122), psi(q) (A010054), chi(q) (A000700).

References

J. V. Uspensky and M. A. Heaslet, Elementary Number Theory, McGraw-Hill, NY, 1939, p. 346.

Links

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000

Michael Somos, Introduction to Ramanujan theta functions, 2019.

Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Ramanujan Theta Functions.

Formula

Moebius transform is period 6 sequence [ 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, ...]. - Michael Somos, Feb 14 2006

G.f. A(x) satisfies 0 = f(A(x), A(x^2), A(x^3), A(x^6)) where f(u1, u2, u3, u6) = (u1 - u2) * (u1 - u2 - u3 + u6) - (u2 -u6) * (1 + 3*u6). - Michael Somos, May 29 2005

Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s) * L(chi,s) where chi(n) = Kronecker( -12, n). Sum_{n>0} a(n) / n^s = Product_{p prime} 1 / ((1 - p^-s) * (1 - Kronecker( -12, p) * p^-s)). - Michael Somos, Jun 24 2011

a(n) is multiplicative with a(p^e) = 1 if p=2 or p=3, a(p^e) = 1+e if p == 1 (mod 6), a(p^e) = (1 + (-1)^e)/2 if p == 5 (mod 6).

G.f.: Sum_{k>0} (x^k + x^(3*k)) / (1 + x^(2*k) + x^(4*k)) = Sum_{k>=0} x^(6*k + 1) / (1 - x^(6*k + 1)) - x^(6*k + 5) / (1 - x^(6*k + 5)). - Michael Somos, Feb 14 2006

a(n) = |A093829(n)| = -(-1)^n * A137608(n) = a(2*n) = a(3*n). a(6*n + 1) = A097195(n). a(6*n + 5) = 0.

From Michael Somos, Aug 11 2009: (Start)

3 * a(n) = A107760(n) unless n=0. a(2*n + 1) = A033762(n). a(3*n + 1) = A033687(n). a(4*n + 1) = A112604(n). a(4*n + 3) = A112605(n).

a(8*n + 1) = A112606(n). a(8*n + 3) = A112608(n). a(8*n + 5) = 2 * A112607(n). a(8*n + 7) = 2 * A112608(n). a(12*n + 1) A123884(n). a(12*n + 7) = 2 * A121361(n).

a(24*n + 1) = A131961(n). a(24*n + 7) = 2 * A131962(n). a(24*n + 13) = 2 * A131963(n). a(24*n + 19) = 2 * A131964(n). (End)

Expansion of (psi(q)^3 / psi(q^3) - 1) / 3 in powers of q where psi() is a Ramanujan theta function. - Michael Somos, Aug 04 2015

Asymptotic mean: Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k) = Pi/(2*sqrt(3)) = 0.906899... (A093766). - Amiram Eldar, Nov 16 2023

Example

G.f. = q + q^2 + q^3 + q^4 + q^6 + 2*q^7 + q^8 + q^9 + q^12 + 2*q^13 + 2*q^14 + ...

Mathematica

a[ n_] := If[ n < 1, 0, Sum[ KroneckerSymbol[ -12, d], { d, Divisors[ n]}]]; (* Michael Somos, Jun 24 2011 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 1, 0, Times @@ (Which[ # < 5, 1, Mod[#, 6] == 5, 1 - Mod[#2, 2], True, #2 + 1 ] & @@@ FactorInteger@n)]; (* Michael Somos, Aug 04 2015 *)
a[ n_] := SeriesCoefficient[ (EllipticTheta[ 2, 0, q^(1/2)]^3 / EllipticTheta[ 2, 0, q^(3/2)] - 4) / 12, {q, 0, n}]; (* Michael Somos, Aug 04 2015 *)
a[n_] := DivisorSum[n, KroneckerSymbol[-12, #]&]; Array[a, 105] (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 01 2015 *)

Prog

(PARI) {a(n) = if( n<1, 0, sumdiv( n, d, kronecker( -12, d)))}; /* Michael Somos, Apr 18 2004 */
(PARI) {a(n) = if( n<1, 0, direuler( p=2, n, 1 / ((1 - X) * (1 - kronecker( -12, p) * X))) [n])}; /* Michael Somos, Jun 24 2011 */
(PARI) {a(n) = my(A); if( n<0, 0, A = x * O(x^n); polcoeff( (eta(x^3 + A) * eta(x^2 + A)^6 / (eta(x^6 + A)^2 * eta(x + A)^3) - 1) / 3, n))}; /* Michael Somos, Aug 11 2009 */
(PARI) {a(n) = my(A, p, e); if( n<1, 0, A = factor(n); prod(k=1, matsize(A)[1], [p, e] = A[k, ]; if( p<5, 1, p%6==5, 1-e%2, 1+e)))}; /* Michael Somos, Aug 04 2015 */
(Magma)  A := Basis( ModularForms( Gamma1(6), 1), 88); B<q> := (A[1] - 1) / 3 + A[2]; B; /* Michael Somos, Aug 04 2015 */

Crossrefs

Cf. A033687, A033762, A093829, A093766, A097197, A107760, A112604, A112605.

Cf. A112606, A112607, A112608, A121361, A123884, A131961, A131962.

Cf. A131963, A131964, A137608.

Cf. A000122, A000700, A010054, A121373.

Sequence in context: A061197 A196346 A261884 * A093829 A113447 A137608

Adjacent sequences: A035175 A035176 A035177 * A035179 A035180 A035181

Keyword

nonn,easy,mult

Author

N. J. A. Sloane

Extensions

Definition edited by Michael Somos, Aug 11 2009

Status

approved