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A004468
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a(n) = Nim product 3 * n.
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4
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0, 3, 1, 2, 12, 15, 13, 14, 4, 7, 5, 6, 8, 11, 9, 10, 48, 51, 49, 50, 60, 63, 61, 62, 52, 55, 53, 54, 56, 59, 57, 58, 16, 19, 17, 18, 28, 31, 29, 30, 20, 23, 21, 22, 24, 27, 25, 26, 32, 35, 33, 34, 44, 47, 45, 46, 36, 39, 37, 38, 40, 43, 41, 42, 192, 195, 193, 194, 204, 207, 205
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OFFSET
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0,2
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COMMENTS
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Write n in quaternary (base 4), then replace each 1,2,3 by 3,1,2.
This is a permutation of the natural numbers; A006015 is the inverse permutation (since the nim product of 2 and 3 is 1). (End)
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REFERENCES
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J. H. Conway, On Numbers and Games. Academic Press, NY, 1976, pp. 51-53.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(n) = 3*n if n has only digits 0 or 1 in quaternary (n is in A000695). Otherwise, a(n) < 3*n.
a(n) = n/2 if n has only digits 0 or 2 in quaternary (n is in A062880). Otherwise, a(n) > n/2.
a(n) = 2*n/3 if and only if n has only digits 0 or 3 in quaternary (n is in A001196). Proof: let n = Sum_i d_i*4^i, d(i) = 0,1,2,3. Write A = Sum_{d_i=1} 4^i, B = Sum_{d_i=2} 4^i, then a(n) = 2*n/3 if and only if 3*A + B = 2/3*(A + 2*B), or B = 7*A. If A != 0, then A is of the form (4*s+1)*4^t, but 7*A is not of this form. So the only possible case is A = B = 0, namely n has only digits 0 or 3. (End)
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MAPLE
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read("transforms") ;
# insert Maple procedures nimprodP2() and A051775() of the b-file in A051775 here.
end proc:
# second Maple program:
a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n=0, 0,
a(iquo(n, 4, 'r'))*4+[0, 3, 1, 2][r+1])
end:
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MATHEMATICA
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a[n_] := a[n] = If[n == 0, 0, {q, r} = QuotientRemainder[n, 4]; a[q]*4 + {0, 3, 1, 2}[[r + 1]]];
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PROG
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(PARI) a(n) = my(v=digits(n, 4), w=[0, 3, 1, 2]); for(i=1, #v, v[i] = w[v[i]+1]); fromdigits(v, 4) \\ Jianing Song, Aug 10 2022
(Python)
def a(n, D=[0, 3, 1, 2]):
r, k = 0, 0
while n>0: r+=D[n%4]*4**k; n//=4; k+=1
return r
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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